TOURISM MISMANAGEMENT AND ITS CONSEQUENCES ON THE FRAGILE ECOLOGY OF GILGIT BALTISTAN, A CASE STUDY OF TOURISM POLICY

Abstract

The tourism industry, often hailed as the backbone of a nation's economy, has witnessed significant global growth over the past decades. This research focuses on the consequences of tourism mismanagement on the fragile ecology of Gilgit Baltistan (GB), a region renowned for its stunning landscapes and rich cultural heritage. The study explores the impact of uncontrolled tourism on the
ecosystem, waste generation, pollution, and the subsequent challenges faced by local communities. While tourism contributes significantly to the economy, particularly in Pakistan where it accounted for 2.7% of GDP in 2016, the unregulated growth of tourism in GB has led to environmental issues. The region's delicate balance faces threats such as waste accumulation, air, water, and soil
pollution, soil erosion, and habitat disruption. The study emphasizes the need for responsible tourism practices to prevent irreversible damage to the natural beauty and livelihoods of local communities. The objectives of this case study include investigating instances of mismanagement in GB's tourism sector, examining the direct and indirect consequences on the ecology, exposing social and cultural implications on local communities, and contributing insights for the development of an ecotourism framework specific to GB. The methodology involves primary data collection through in-depth interviews with experts from the tourism department, environmental agency, and local communities in GB. The research area includes tourism-related departments and agencies in the northern areas of Pakistan, with a sample size of six experts and seven locals. In conclusion, the research underscores the urgent need for informed decision-making and sustainable practices in tourism management to strike a balance between economic development and environmental preservation in GB. The study aims to contribute valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners to address the complex challenges associated with tourism management.