IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE AND LIVELIHOODS IN SINDH: ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR ECONOMIC RESILIENCE

Abstract

This research paper examines the effects of climate change on livelihoods and agriculture in Sindh, Pakistan, and investigates adaptation tactics that can improve economic capability for rising climatic variability. Sindh relies mostly on agriculture has to wrestle against challenges like droughts, floods, increasing temperatures, and unpredictable rainfall, all of which have a negative impact on crop yields, soil fertility, and water availability. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative information from focus groups and interviews with farmers, agricultural experts, and policymakers with quantitative data from surveys and secondary climate records. The results show that although farmers have implemented a variety of adaptation strategies, that include using crops resistant to drought, modifying times for planting, and diversifying their sources of income, barriers like restricted financial resources, poor extension services, and institutional disarray hinder the broad adoption of successful tactics. According to the study's findings, Sindh's agricultural sector may increase climate change resistance with the correct measures, guaranteeing the long-term sustainability and economic stability of its rural people.